TwinOxide Tabs® – Instructions
Please
read these instructions carefully before using TwinOxide Tabs® and preparing the TwinOxide® chlorine dioxide solution. Keep
these instructions in a safe place for future reference. These instructions
apply only to the use of TwinOxide Tabs® and the preparation of TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
Read the safety data sheets for TwinOxide components A and B, and TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
Keep
tablets and prepared chlorine dioxide solutions secure and away from access by
children and animals.
Please
address any questions or concerns to TwinOxide International B.V., details
below.
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is used both as a disinfectant and as an oxidant in
drinking water treatment and industrial applications, being first used in
drinking water treatment in 1944. It is known to be a remarkably powerful
disinfectant, even at very low concentrations. Chlorine dioxide can control
virtually any type of microorganism found in water; such as bacteria, fungi,
yeast, algae, spores, viruses, pathogens and protozoa. It is also one of very
few biocides that are effective for control of biofilm attached to surfaces,
such as the walls of water tanks and distribution pipework. Unlike halogens
such as chlorine or bromine, chlorine dioxide does not form halogenated organic compounds which can result in the
production of harmful compounds and carcinogens in the treated water.
At higher concentrations, chlorine dioxide
can also be used for the cleaning and disinfection of hard surfaces.
TwinOxide Tabs® provide a simple and
convenient method for the preparation of a 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution
(1,000 ppm ClO2), generated by the chemical oxidation of sodium chlorite.
A TwinOxide
Tabs® package
contains 12 tablets (6 Component A tablets and 6 Component B tablets), each
tablet weighing 1 gram. The tablets are individually sealed in a foil strip, and
should be kept sealed in the foil strip until required for use. The tablets
should be stored in a secure, cool, dry place; and kept away from children and
animals.
The tablets should be used within 5 years of the date of
manufacture. The expiry date is printed on the end flap of the TwinOxide Tabs® package box and on the foil of the tablets.
In addition to the
tablets, each TwinOxide Tabs® package contains tweezers, scissors, and a 100 ml plastic
‘dropper’ bottle for the preparation and dispensing of the 0.1% TwinOxide® chlorine dioxide
solution.
Dissolved in 100 ml of tap
water, each set of TwinOxide Tabs® (one tablet A and one tablet B) produce a 0.1% TwinOxide® chlorine dioxide
solution. At a water temperature of 20 to 25 °C (70 to 75 °F) the reaction
time to completion is about 3 hours.
TwinOxide® Components A and B, and prepared TwinOxide® chlorine dioxide solutions are registered
with the German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), in
accordance with the Biocide Notification Ordinance: N-70018. They are approved
by NSF International to NSF/ANSI 60 Standards, EPA registered and approved for
drinking water and agriculture, and approved by several other authorities, for
use in the treatment and disinfection of drinking water.
TwinOxide
International B.V., De Tongelreep 17, NL-5684 PZ Best,
The Netherlands, tel. +31 499 329 242, e-mail:
The Netherlands, tel. +31 499 329 242, e-mail:
storch@twinoxide.com
Preparation of
TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution
The
instructions below are specifically applicable for using TwinOxide Tabs®
to prepare a TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
1. Remove the ‘dropper’ cap from the
plastic bottle provided and fill the bottle with 100 ml of clean tap water with
a temperature of about 20 to 25 °C (70 to 75 °F). Place the bottle with
water on a flat, level surface.
2.
Use scissors to cut one TwinOxide®
Tabs tablet A from the protective foil strip.
3. Cut one TwinOxide® Tabs
tablet B from the protective foil strip.
4. Cut around the foil containing each
tablet to facilitate removal of the tablets from the foil.
5.
Use tweezers, plastic gloves or
other appropriate equipment to separately remove the tablets from the
protective foil, and separately put each tablet into the bottle of water. Do
not touch the tablets or the chlorine dioxide solution with bare fingers or
bare hands!
6. Close the bottle by replacing the
‘dropper’ cap, ensuring that the cover of the cap is securely closed.
7. Leave the bottle to stand undisturbed
for at least 3 hours at about 20 to 25 °C (70 to 75 °F), to allow the
tablets to dissolve and the active ingredients completely react to produce a
TwinOxide 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
8. Gently invert the bottle 6 times to mix
the TwinOxide 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
9. Write the date of preparation of the
solution on the back of the ‘dropper’ bottle.
10. Ready for use! See “Use of TwinOxide®
0.1% chlorine dioxide solution” for dosage instructions.
Safety precautions
TwinOxide Tabs®
a) Keep TwinOxide Tabs® tablets
secure and away from access by children and animals.
b) Do not put TwinOxide Tabs®
tablets in the mouth.
c) Only use tablets A and B together, and
solely for preparing a 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
d) Use caution when handling the tablets. Always
use plastic or rubber gloves, tweezers or other appropriate instruments to
handle the tablets when removing them from the protective foil and transferring
them to the ‘dropper’ bottle. Do not touch exposed tablets with bare or
unprotected hands!
e) Do not crush or break the tablets.
f) Only remove tablets from the protective
foil strip for immediate use to prepare a TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine
dioxide solution.
g) After addition of the TwinOxide Tabs®
tablets A and B to the water in the bottle, the bottle should be securely
closed and sealed with the ‘dropper’ cap.
h) Do not shake or move bottle during the
reaction time.
TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine
dioxide solution
a) Store the bottle containing the
TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution or any residual solution
in a secure, cool, dark place, and away from access by children and animals.
b) Do not drink the TwinOxide®
0.1% chlorine dioxide solution.
c) Do not inhale gas or vapours from the
TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine
dioxide solution when the bottle containing the solution is open or the solution is being dosed.
dioxide solution when the bottle containing the solution is open or the solution is being dosed.
d) Always use the TwinOxide®
0.1% chlorine dioxide solution in a well ventilated area.
e) Use the prepared TwinOxide®
0.1% chlorine dioxide solution within 30 days after preparation. After the 30
day period, any remaining TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution
should be safely disposed of in accordance with local regulations for chemical
waste disposal.
f) Only use the 100 ml ‘dropper’ bottle provided
in the package until all tablets in that package have been used up. The bottle
should then be thoroughly washed out and safely discarded. A new bottle will be
provided in the next TwinOxide Tabs® package.
Additional Information
In
accordance with the Biocide Notification Ordinance, TwinOxide Tabs®
are classified as ‘in situ’ products and belong to the group ‘Chlorine Dioxide
generated from Sodium Chlorite by Oxidation’. The biocidal agent in the
solution made using the TwinOxide Tabs® is chlorine dioxide.
Chlorine dioxide is an existing biocidal active substance which is currently
being re-evaluated by the European Commission.
TwinOxide
Tabs® Tablet A contains the chemical sodium chlorite and TwinOxide
Tabs® Tablet B contains sodium bisulfate and potassium
peroxymonosulfate.
Similar
TwinOxide® products, for producing larger quantities of TwinOxide
chlorine dioxide solution, are available in powder form.
Use of TwinOxide®
0.1% chlorine dioxide solution
These
instructions are specifically and solely applicable for using TwinOxide 0.1%
chlorine dioxide solution.
Determine
the quantity of water to be treated.
The
amount of TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution to be added
depends on the volume and quality of water to be treated. The table below gives
guidelines for the approximate quantity of TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine
dioxide solution to add. Dosages are given per litre, per 10 litres, per
Imperial (UK) gallon and per US gallon of water to be treated. From these
guidelines, proportionally calculate the amount of TwinOxide® 0.1%
chlorine dioxide solution that is required for the amount of water to be
treated for the given application. One drop of TwinOxide® 0.1%
chlorine dioxide solution is equivalent to approximately 0.05 ml.
Using
the ‘dropper’ bottle (or other appropriate equipment), add the correct
amount of TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution
to the water to be treated. Make sure the water and the added chlorine
dioxide mix well.
The
treated water is disinfected and ready for use after a certain contact time.
This contact time depends largely upon the types of microorganisms present in
the water to be treated. Post-disinfected water (water already treated earlier)
can be ready in 5 minutes; in case of heavily polluted water, the contact time
should be at least 30 minutes.
Dosage
rate of 0.1%
TwinOxide® solution
VOLUME
of water to be treated
|
Quality
of water to be treated
|
||||
Post-disinfection
of potable water
(target
0.05 ppm ClO2)
|
Water
with low
contamination
(target
0.2 ppm ClO2)
|
Water
disinfection
to WHO standards
(target
0.4 ppm ClO2)
|
Standing
water
(in vessels)
(target
0.5 ppm ClO2)
|
Water
from unreliable sources
(target
1.0 ppm ClO2)
|
|
Per
litre
|
0.05
ml
1
drop
|
0.2
ml
4
drops
|
0.4
ml
8
drops
|
0.5
ml
10
drops
|
1
ml
20
drops
|
Per
10 litres
|
0.5
ml
10
drops
|
2
ml
40
drops
|
4
ml
|
5
ml
|
10
ml
|
Per
Imperial gallon
|
0.25
ml
5 drops |
1.0
ml
20 drops |
1.75
ml
35 drops |
2.25
ml
45 drops |
4.50
ml
|
Per
US gallon
|
0.2
ml
4
drops
|
0.75
ml
15
drops
|
1.50
ml
30 drops |
2.00
ml
40 drops |
3.75
ml
|
Nominally,
1 drop of TwinOxide® chlorine dioxide solution is approximately
0.05 ml.
|
|||||
For
cleaning hard, non-porous surfaces prepare the following dilutions of
TwinOxide® 0.1% chlorine dioxide solution to obtain a 0.005% (50
ppm) ClO2 solution.
|
||
50
ml of 0.1% ClO2 solution to 1 litre of clean water
|
||
or
|
28
ml of 0.1% ClO2 solution to 1 UK Pint of clean water
|
|
or
|
47
ml of 0.1% ClO2 solution to 1 US Quart of clean water
|
|
Wear
protective gloves and other appropriate protective equipment when using the TwinOxide®
0.005% chlorine dioxide cleaning solution.
|
||
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